Container House Water Cooling System Diagram

Currently, there is no complete structural diagram directly targeting the water cooling system of container houses, but its core composition and design logic can be inferred from cases such as energy storage liquid cooling systems and computer room water cooling systems.

Core Components and System Composition

1. Cooling Source Equipment
   Water-cooled chillers (such as centrifugal, screw, or reciprocating compressors) are commonly used, employing vapor compression cycles for refrigeration. For example, specialized chillers used in energy storage systems can precisely control water temperature within the range of 5℃ to 35℃, with a temperature difference of ±1℃, ensuring a stable operating environment for battery clusters. Some systems integrate cooling towers to provide circulating cooling water for the chillers, reducing energy consumption.

2. Liquid Cooling Distribution Unit (CDU)
   As the core of the system, the CDU is responsible for distributing the cooling source to the end heat dissipation devices. For example, in container data centers, the CDU connects via piping to cold plate liquid cooling ends (directly contacting CPUs/GPUs) or immersion liquid cooling units (where servers are entirely immersed in cooling fluid), achieving efficient heat exchange. The piping system adopts a closed-loop design to prevent cooling fluid leakage or contamination.

3. End Heat Dissipation Devices

   • Cold Plate Liquid Cooling: Microchannel cold plates are directly attached to high-heat-generating chips (such as CPUs/GPUs in AI training servers), improving heat exchange efficiency by over 80%.
   • Immersion Liquid Cooling: Servers are completely immersed in highly insulating cooling fluid, supporting single-cabinet power densities exceeding 50kW, suitable for extreme computing scenarios.
   • Air Cooling Assistance: Some systems incorporate fan coil units to enhance local heat dissipation through air circulation, particularly suitable for low-power-density areas.

4. Piping and Control Systems
   The piping system adopts a prefabricated design, with all components assembled and jointly tested in the factory. Only water, electricity, and network connections are required on-site for operation. The control system adjusts compressor loads through intelligent electronic control, automatically switches to safe operating modes, and is equipped with precise digital temperature controllers to monitor water temperature and pressure in real-time.

Design Principles and Optimization Directions

1. Modularization and Rapid Deployment
   The system is integrated into a standard 40-foot container, including cooling sources, liquid cooling ends, and power distribution systems, enabling "plug-and-play" functionality. For example, Jialitu's containerized liquid cooling solution reduces the construction cycle from "months" to "days," suitable for edge sites or temporary computing centers.

2. Energy Efficiency Optimization
   A dual-track liquid cooling technology route is adopted to meet different scenario requirements. For example, cold plate liquid cooling targets mainstream servers, while immersion liquid cooling targets high-power-density equipment. Combined with fluorine pump technology utilizing outdoor low-temperature air sources, the annual comprehensive electricity consumption is reduced, helping achieve a PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness) of ≤1.15.

3. Safety and Reliability
   The system design includes independent closed-loop circulation, explosion-proof fans, pressure relief valves, and water fire protection systems to ensure safe operation. For example, the energy storage liquid cooling system integrates pack-level fire protection, smoke detection systems, and access control systems, forming a multi-layered protection mechanism.