Two-Story Connection of Container Houses

The two-story connection of container houses requires structural design, selection of connecting equipment, and standardized construction to achieve safe and stable inter-story connections. The specific key points are as follows:

1. Core Principles of Structural Design The two-story connection must address the issues of inter-story force transmission and overall anti-overturning. Modular design is adopted, and structural coordination is achieved through dedicated connecting components. For horizontal splicing, high-strength carbon steel connecting components that conform to the specifications of container corner fittings are used, with multiple screw holes reserved to ensure tightness. For vertical stacking, through-type connecting components that penetrate the corner columns of the upper and lower stories are required, and they are fixed at multiple points with high-strength screws to evenly distribute the bearing pressure to the foundation. For example, corner column connecting components can be 100×100mm square tubes (wall thickness ≥ 6mm), vertically welded to the four corners of the lower container, with the upper layer fixed by insertion or bolts to form a stable force-bearing system.

2. Selection and Functions of Connecting Equipment

• Core Equipment: Corner fittings (corner castings) are key load-bearing components that comply with the ISO 1496 standard. They are used to fix the upper and lower layers by bolts or welding, with a single component capable of bearing 20-30 tons. Column connecting components use H-section steel or square tube columns to enhance vertical stability.
• Reinforcing Components: Horizontal channel steels (e.g., 160×60mm) or cross steel cables (diameter 12-16mm) serve as beams and diagonal braces, with a spacing of ≤ 2.5m to improve wind resistance. Connecting plates are made of 10-12mm thick steel plates welded to the side walls of the container body and undergo hot-dip galvanizing for rust prevention.
• Auxiliary Systems: Steel stairs have an inclination angle of ≤ 45°, with a step depth of ≥ 250mm and a width of ≥ 600mm (in compliance with the GB 50017-2017 standard). Walkway guardrails have a height of ≥ 1.1m, with a vertical railing spacing of ≤ 110mm to ensure personnel safety.

3. Construction Key Points and Quality Control

• Foundation Treatment: Before placing the lower container house, strict leveling is required, with an error control within ± 5mm to provide a stable foundation for the inter-story connection.
• Connecting Component Installation: Use dedicated tools to precisely align the corner fittings. After the holes are aligned, insert reinforced screws and tighten them with a torque wrench according to the design torque (e.g., 500-600N·m) to ensure uniform tightening force.
• Material Selection: The container body base material uses Q235B high-strength steel, and fasteners use galvanized screws (tensile strength ≥ 800MPa). In coastal areas, they need to be upgraded to 316 stainless steel. In areas with a wind pressure of ≥ 0.5kN/m², the density of diagonal braces should be increased to a spacing of 1.5m.

4. Handling of Special Scenarios Before using second-hand containers, check for rust and deformation, thoroughly remove rust, and apply epoxy zinc-rich primer. Openings such as doors and windows need to be reinforced with channel steels or square steels at the edges to prevent deformation due to stress concentration. Thermal insulation layers (e.g., 50mm thick rock wool boards) can be installed inside or outside the container body and fixed with rivets to ensure compliance with thermal performance standards.