Construction of Prefabricated Panel Houses
The construction of prefabricated panel houses can achieve efficient construction by combining modern construction techniques with the skilled craftsmanship of workers. Different cases show that the construction period can range from 5 to 14 days, depending on materials, structural design, and construction methods.
The construction process of prefabricated panel houses typically consists of five stages: foundation preparation, frame construction, roof installation, wall treatment, and detail refinement. Taking a wooden house as an example, craftsmen first build the basic frame of the house using prefabricated panels, leaving space for the main door to ensure structural stability. The roof structure is assembled by placing circular trays at the center of the house and connecting them to the walls with square timbers to form a conical roof. After each piece of material is securely fixed, wooden planks are installed. At the top closure, foam boards of corresponding sizes are placed, and gaps are filled with foam agent and sealed with small wooden planks. Excess parts at the edges are cut and sanded to ensure waterproofing and thermal insulation performance.
The prefabricated construction model can significantly improve construction efficiency. For instance, in light steel construction, structural detailing, light steel joist processing, component numbering, wall and roof material counting, connector configuration, and material sorting and packaging can be completed in advance at the factory. On the project site, activities such as foundation work, installation, plumbing, electrical work, decoration, and final inspection are concentrated, reducing some on-site repetitive processing and shortening the construction period. In a case of self-built houses in rural South Korea, by prefabricating components such as foundation piles, beams, and stairs, and using mortise-and-tenon joints for quick assembly, stairs are hoisted like building blocks, a 5-cm-thick floor slab is laid, and finally, grout is injected into the gaps between all components, allowing the main structure to be completed in 14 days.
Detail handling is crucial for ensuring the quality of prefabricated panel houses. The interior and exterior walls of the house need to be filled and sealed with foam agent. An elliptical frame is installed at the top as a skylight. Waterproof foam is fixed on the exterior walls, and waterproof tarpaulin is laid. The gaps between the wooden planks of the interior walls are tightly filled and sealed. Custom acrylic panels are installed, and excess foam adhesive is cleaned up to ensure that the waterproof tarpaulin at the top is properly laid, especially with meticulous handling at the corners. Finally, cut foam boards are filled into the interior of the wooden house to improve thermal insulation and sound insulation. These steps must strictly follow construction specifications to avoid leakage or structural problems in the later stages.
