Construction of Houses Using Concrete Prefabricated Panels

Houses made of concrete prefabricated panels are constructed using these panels as the main components, and their production and use involve specific processes and characteristics.

Production Process

• Making Prefabricated Panels:
  • Simple Method: Use plastic molds, pour concrete into the molds, and turn them over after solidification. There is also a method of using wooden planks to make molds, placing steel bars, and pouring concrete. The prefabricated panels come in two types: solid and hollow. The hollow structure achieves lightweighting by reducing the non-load-bearing concrete.
  • Complex Factory Process: First, place the side steel molds at preset positions and reinforce them. Lift the horizontal steel molds and tighten the nuts around them with an air wrench. Spray mold release agents. Place distribution bars (composed of steel bars to form a stirrup structure, improving the concrete's crack resistance and overall compressive strength) and load-bearing bars (steel strands passing through and combining with the distribution bars to make the prefabricated parts stronger). Install anchorages and place casting steel molds to create a hollow effect. After the mold assembly is complete, stretch the load-bearing bars (using pre-tensioning and post-tensioning processes). In the control room, process sand, gravel, and water, pour the concrete, and then have workers operate the transportation to start pouring the bottom layer of concrete.

House Construction

After the prefabricated panels are transported to the construction site, they are directly spliced and installed, significantly shortening the construction period. In rural areas, prefabricated panels are usually used for the roof of the first floor, partitions between floors, or as floor slabs and roof panels, serving as load-bearing panels. When reasonably used in buildings with a regular structure and a low number of floors, they can ensure basic safety performance.

Disadvantages

• Safety Hazards: There are gaps at the edges of the panels, and even a minor earthquake can cause the house to collapse. The quality of prefabricated concrete panels on the market varies greatly, with a large proportion of inferior products. These have a short service life and are prone to collapse accidents, resulting in casualties.
• Poor Sound Insulation: The thickness of prefabricated panels is usually around 10 centimeters, with long circular holes in the middle. Sound has strong penetrating power, and the structure itself is prone to sound transmission. Noise from neighboring rooms can be amplified through these holes.
• Water Leakage: Since they are composed of independent panels spliced together, there are tiny gaps between the panels. During the rainy season, rainwater can easily seep through these gaps into the interior, corroding the steel bars.