Complete Prefabricated House

Complete prefabricated house usually refers to modular construction or prefabricated assembled construction. Its core is to disassemble the building into independent modules (such as ceilings, floors, walls, etc.), which are manufactured in the factory and then transported to the site for assembly.

Technical Types and Components

Complete prefabricated house covers two main technical systems: prefabricated concrete structures and steel structures. The former mainly uses prefabricated concrete components such as beams, slabs, walls, and columns, while the latter adopts steel frames or modular steel boxes. Modular construction is a form with a higher degree of integration. All its components, including water and electricity pipelines, insulation layers, waterproof layers, etc., are prefabricated on the factory assembly line to form standardized 'building boxes' that can be directly hoisted and assembled. For example, a public housing project in Shenzhen used 6,028 concrete modules, each with a complete pipeline system built in, achieving a 'ready-to-move-in' standard.

Construction Process and Efficiency

In the factory, a parallel operation mode is adopted. Different components are produced simultaneously through automated production lines and intelligent warehouses, shortening the construction period by more than 60% compared to traditional buildings. During on-site assembly, each module is attached with a unique 'ID card' (including project name, production date, etc.). High-precision positioning systems (with an error margin controlled within millimeters) and welding robots are used for assembly, avoiding human errors. Taking the Shenzhen public housing project as an example, the completion and delivery period was shortened from 2.5 - 3 years in the traditional model to 1 year. The on-site labor force was reduced by about 50%, and the amount of construction waste generated was reduced by more than 70%.

Advantages and Challenges

Advantages include:

• Short construction period: Factory prefabrication and on-site construction are carried out simultaneously, significantly shortening the total period;
• Controllable quality: Standardized production reduces interference from human factors, and component accuracy reaches the millimeter level;
• Environmental protection and energy saving: Construction waste is reduced by more than 70%, and material waste rate is reduced by 50%;
• Convenient maintenance: Modular design facilitates later inspection, repair, or replacement of components.

Challenges lie in:

• High requirements for industrial foundations: It requires a complete technical system, production system, and industrial cluster support, such as automated production lines and logistics transportation networks;
• High initial costs: Factory construction, equipment investment, and technological research and development require a large amount of funds. When economies of scale have not been formed, the cost advantage is not obvious.

Application Scenarios and Development

In China, it is mainly applied in fields such as public housing and high-rise residential buildings. For example, the Nanjing Jindi Yufang project adopts a prestressed prefabricated concrete assembled integral frame structure system. There is strong demand in overseas markets. In the first four months of 2026, the Guangzhou Customs District exported movable houses worth 1.4 billion yuan (a year-on-year increase of 38.1%), and the Shenzhen Port exported 1.68 billion yuan worth (a year-on-year increase of 19.6%). Modular construction has become a new trend in the global construction market.