Cement Prefabricated House Reinforcement Materials
Cement prefabricated house reinforcement materials mainly include four categories: cement-based materials, fiber composite materials, structural adhesives and anchors, and steel reinforcement.
Cement-based materials are the most widely used basic materials in reinforcement projects. Their core component is cement, formulated by adding high-strength aggregates, high-flow additives, micro-expanding agents, and anti-segregation substances. These materials can be used directly after mixing with water, featuring self-leveling properties that automatically fill cracks and voids. They harden quickly, exhibit high early strength, and are free from shrinkage deformation. They also have excellent oil resistance and can withstand extreme temperatures ranging from -40°C to 600°C. Typical representatives include grouting materials and polymer mortars: grouting materials have high fluidity, allowing them to penetrate small cracks for self-leveling filling; polymer mortars, enhanced with expanding components, effectively compensate for shrinkage and are particularly suitable for wall crack repairs. Additionally, ECC (Engineered Cementitious Composite), a bendable and highly ductile concrete reinforced with special fibers, possesses high ductility and seismic resistance, making it directly applicable for seismic reinforcement of houses.
Fiber composite materials, primarily carbon fiber cloth and carbon fiber plates, have tensile strengths far exceeding those of ordinary steel while weighing only one-fifth as much. They can be directly adhered to structural surfaces without the need for large equipment during construction. In acidic or alkaline environments, they can be replaced with glass fibers or aramid fibers, which offer strong chemical resistance but slightly lower strength compared to carbon fibers. Fiber composite materials significantly enhance structural load-bearing capacity by restraining concrete deformation, making them particularly suitable for reinforcing flexural members such as beams and columns.
Structural adhesives and anchors are key materials for connection and reinforcement. Structural adhesives, akin to construction's 'universal glue', firmly bond steel bars to concrete through high-strength adhesion, forming an integrated load-bearing system that effectively improves structural seismic performance. Chemical anchors, on the other hand, use chemical agents to anchor steel bars into concrete substrates, providing reliable mechanical connections suitable for connecting new members to existing structures. These two types of materials are often used together, forming a dual safeguard system of 'bonding + anchoring'.
Steel reinforcement involves directly welding profiled steel or steel plates onto structural surfaces to increase cross-sectional area and enhance load-bearing capacity. This technology is cost-effective and has a mature process, making it particularly suitable for renovating old houses. During construction, the steel surface must undergo anti-corrosion treatment, and welding or bolting is used to ensure协同工作 (collaborative work, here meaning it works in conjunction) with the original structure, making it suitable for reinforcing large-span members such as beams and columns.
