Cement Prefabricated House Exterior Wall

The cement prefabricated house exterior wall is a plate-shaped building wall structure prefabricated using a template, with Portland cement and steel reinforcement bars as the main materials. It has various characteristics but is currently less applied.

Materials and Process

The cement prefabricated house exterior wall primarily uses Portland cement and steel reinforcement bars as core materials. During production, a hollow model is first nailed together using wooden planks. Steel reinforcement bars are then placed inside, and the model is filled with cement. After drying, the model is removed, forming a prefabricated wall panel. This process allows wall production to be completed in advance at a factory or construction site, improving construction efficiency.

Types and Specifications

The cement prefabricated house exterior wall comes in two types: solid and hollow. Hollow prefabricated panels reduce weight to lower costs and are characterized by simple construction and lower expenses. In terms of specifications, the standard maximum span is 4.2 meters, with custom lengths available beyond this. Widths are typically 500mm or 600mm, while thicknesses are mainly 120mm and 150mm. Lengths usually increase in increments of 300 millimeters. Additionally, prefabricated wall panels are classified into different grades based on their ability to bear live loads to meet the needs of various buildings.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages: The construction process is simple, with less steel reinforcement used, resulting in low prices and light loads. Hollow prefabricated panels further reduce weight and save on costs. In rural areas, using prefabricated cement panels for exterior wall construction is simple, quick, and cost-effective. For example, building a fence with them can be completed in an afternoon. Disadvantages: There are gaps between panels. If construction is not handled properly, building settlement can easily cause floor cracking and water leakage. Additionally, since the floor is constructed from multiple prefabricated panels, it is not advisable to randomly build partition walls on the floor, as uneven stress distribution among the panels can lead to floor collapse. Moreover, the thin walls result in poor thermal insulation and relatively weak load-bearing and stability properties.

Application and Development

The cement prefabricated house exterior wall was widely used in brick-concrete structure buildings in the early days, as prefabricated production reduced the time for on-site red brick masonry. However, due to various issues such as susceptibility to cracking, water leakage, and poor load-bearing capacity, it has been banned or rarely used in the construction field. Currently, cast-in-place slabs are commonly used instead of prefabricated wall panels to improve the overall performance and safety of buildings. Nevertheless, as one of the prefabricated building components, prefabricated concrete wall panels are still used in some projects.