Assembly of Prefabricated Houses
Prefabricated houses are a form of construction where building components are industrially produced and assembled on-site. Taking a South Korean construction team as an example, the assembly steps are as follows:
Foundation Treatment
First, the foundation needs to be leveled and a bedding layer poured. A large white plastic sheet is laid on the ground, and plain concrete is poured as the bedding layer. The plastic sheet serves to lock in moisture and enhance the strength of the cement. After the bedding layer solidifies, foundation piles are hoisted and backfilled with soil. Subsequently, a 10-centimeter-thick giant foam board is laid for thermal insulation and moisture prevention. Finally, a threaded steel bar mesh is laid over the entire foundation frame. Workers manually screw the steel bars into the reserved threaded holes and bind all the nodes together with a binding machine to ensure structural stability.
Installation of Foundation Piles and Splicing of Crossbeams
After the concrete solidifies, base plates need to be installed to secure the foundation piles. During construction, holes are first drilled using a drill, and the base plates are fixed with expansion screws. Then, a mobile crane is used to hoist each prefabricated foundation pile, which weighs about 5 tons. Each corner of the foundation pile has reserved holes for hoisting. After the foundation pile is in place, its position is adjusted through horizontal measurement. The crossbeam is fixed with nuts, and foam sealant is used to fill the gap between the crossbeam and the foundation pile to enhance support. Finally, cement is applied at the nut fixation points to seal them, preventing the nuts from rusting and the connected components from corroding, thus extending the structural lifespan.
Second-Floor Construction
The load-bearing columns and crossbeams of the second floor are prefabricated in the factory. On-site, heavy components weighing several tons are assembled using a crane. During assembly, the protruding parts need to be aligned with the grooves and tightened with nuts to ensure a tight fit. The entire second-floor frame can be assembled within half a day. Subsequently, a 5-centimeter-thick floor slab is laid, with both ends pressing against the edges of the crossbeams, and the gaps are sealed with foam sealant. After secondary grouting at the connections of the load-bearing columns, a steel bar mesh is laid and concrete is poured to form an integrated structure.
Types and Advantages of Prefabricated Houses
Prefabricated houses are mainly divided into three types: panel-assembled, box-assembled, and frame-assembled. Their core advantages lie in shortening the construction period through industrial production, reducing noise, dust, and other pollution generated during on-site construction, and improving the consistency and controllability of building quality.
