Renovation of Mobile Toilets in Rural Areas of Anyang

The renovation of mobile toilets in rural areas of Anyang has achieved remarkable results through multi-type exploration, popularization, and long-term management. The specific measures are as follows:

I. Technical Optimization and Problem Solving in the Renovation of Double-Pit Toilets

In rural toilet renovation, Anyang County primarily uses double-pit toilets, combined with multiple types of models such as biogas and three-chamber septic tanks. In response to issues such as leakage and time-consuming assembly during the trial installation phase, breakthroughs have been achieved through technical improvements:

• Leakage Issues: Plastic welding processes are used to reinforce the connections between the pits, and foam double-sided tape is applied at the joints to enhance sealing, effectively reducing the leakage rate.
• Assembly Efficiency: The structural design of the equipment has been optimized, simplifying the installation process, reducing the difficulty of manual operations, and shortening the time required for toilet renovation per household.
• Fund Management: Strict supervision of special funds for toilet renovation ensures that the funds are used for equipment procurement, technical training, and problem rectification, guaranteeing the sustainability of the project.

II. Popularization of Sanitary Toilets and Improvement of Rural Living Environment

As of now, 96,100 households in Anyang County (demonstration area) have completed sanitary toilet renovation, significantly increasing the coverage rate. The renovated toilets have the following characteristics:

• Well-Equipped Facilities: Equipped with squat pans, flush tanks, exhaust pipes, etc., they achieve harmless treatment of feces, reducing mosquito and fly breeding and odor diffusion.
• Aesthetic and Practical Design: The appearance of the toilets is coordinated with rural architectural styles, and the internal space layout is reasonable, enhancing villagers' willingness to use them.
• Quality First: A dedicated working group has been established to formulate toilet renovation standards based on regional characteristics. On-site inspections ensure construction quality, avoiding the issue of prioritizing quantity over quality.

III. Establishment of Long-Term Management and Maintenance Mechanisms

To ensure the sustained effectiveness of toilet renovation results, Anyang County has established a maintenance system of dedicated personnel responsible for dynamic rectification:

• Village-Level Toilet Renovation Staff System: Each village undergoing toilet renovation is equipped with at least one full-time staff member responsible for toilet fixture repairs, fecal sludge removal, and daily equipment inspections to ensure normal toilet use.
• Problem Identification and Rectification: Regular inspections of household toilet usage are conducted, and a ledger is established for issues such as damaged toilet fixtures and substandard exhaust pipes. Rectification is carried out within a specified timeframe, and follow-up inspections are conducted.
• Publicity and Guidance: Toilet maintenance knowledge is popularized through village broadcasts, brochures, and other means to improve villagers' self-management capabilities and extend the service life of the facilities.

IV. Supplementary Practices of Mobile Public Sanitation Facilities in Urban Areas

Although primarily targeting urban areas, Anyang City has constructed standardized mobile restrooms in densely populated areas such as Wenfeng District and Beiguan District, providing references for rural toilet renovation:

• Durable Structure: The main structure is made of steel, with environmental protection materials for the enclosure, designed for a service life of 15 years, adapting to outdoor environments.
• Comprehensive Functions: Equipped with separate male and female restrooms, barrier-free facilities, and a management room, with a daily reception capacity of 300 people, alleviating the problem of difficult access to restrooms in public areas.
• Mode Extension: In the future, the technology of mobile toilets can be explored for application in rural tourist areas or temporary event venues, enhancing the flexibility of public sanitation services.